[Update] German ä, ö, ü – what’s the difference? | ö – Australia.xemloibaihat

ö: นี่คือโพสต์ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับหัวข้อนี้

Tip: See my list of the Most Common Mistakes in English. It will teach you how to avoid mis­takes with com­mas, pre­pos­i­tions, ir­reg­u­lar verbs, and much more.

German alphabet contains three additional symbols for vowels, which are often misunderstood or mispronounced by learners whose mother tongue does not contain the sounds they represent. We will discuss each of them separately.

However, we should deal with a common misconception first, namely that ä, ö, and ü are always long. It stems from the fact that these are indeed more commonly found in long syllables than in short ones, but this is by far not a rule. One elementary principle you should remember is:

A vowel followed immediately by a double letter is always pronounced short.

For example:

  • (men) is pronounced /

    ˈmɛnɐ

    /, not /

    ˈmɛːnɐ

    /

  • (to be able to) is pronounced /

    ˈkœnən

    /, not /

    ˈkøːnən

    /

  • (miller) is pronounced /

    ˈmʏlɐ

    /, not /

    ˈmyːlɐ

    /

So, what exactly is the difference between a and ä, o and ö, and u and ü?

Ä

Ä is the easiest case to deal with in terms of pronunciation. It is pronounced the same as “e” in the English word “bet” (IPA: /ɛ/). Since “e” in German is also often pronounced the same, you may be asking why we need ä at all. For example, (“bed” in German) is pronounced the same as “bet” in English.

There are two reasons why ä is useful. First, it is often used to reveal that two words are related. It is easier to see that is the plural of or the plural of (leaf, sheet) than if they were written “Menner” and “Bletter”.

The second reason is the more important one. When the letter “e” in German is located in an open stressed syllable (i.e. when there are no consonants at the end), it is pronounced as /eː/. This sound does not exist in standard American or British English in isolation. It only exists in the diphthong /eɪ/, which we can find in words like “late”, “hey”, “same”. To pronounce /e/ properly, try to say English “hey”, but freeze your tongue in the middle of saying “ey”.

For example, listen to the word Wesen (“being”). It is pronounced /ˈveːzn/, because the syllables are We-sen (remember that “e” is pronounced /eː/ in open syllables?). The same happens also when “e” is followed by an “h”, e.g. wehrend (weh-rend), /ˈvɛːʁənt/, meaning “resisting”.

The problem is: What if you want the long /ɛː/ sound (/ɛ/ as in “bet”) instead? Many German words contain this sound, but there is no way to denote it using the letter “e”. The solution: Use “ä” instead. The distinction is often important, for example:

  • /

    ˈvɛːʁənt

    / means “during”

  • /

    ˈveːʁənt

    / means “resisting” (the present participle of )

Ö

Ö is slightly more complicated for English speakers in terms of pronunciation. It is similar to the vowel in the British pronunciation of “bird”, “heard”, “curd” (IPA: /ɜː/), but with lips rounded. To say it, say /ɛ/ (as in “bet”) with your tongue but shape your lips as if saying “oo” in “boot”. In other words, if your lips are saying “boot” but your tongue is saying “bet”, you are approximately saying ö. There is also a slight difference between the pronunciation of a short ö /œ/ and a long ö /øː/. Listen to these examples:

  • Short: können (to be able to), öffnen (to open), Löffel (spoon).
  • Long: Löwe (lion), Möhren (carrots), Flöte (flute).

Ü

Ü is often pronounced as /jʊ/ by English speakers, but such pronunciation is not correct in German. To pronounce ü correctly, round your lips as if you were to say “oo” in “cool” or “stool”, but move your tongue to say “ee” (as in “see”) instead (but don’t move your lips). Again: say “cool” with your lips and “keel” with your tongue. What you are saying now is ü. Again, there is a slight difference between the short ü /ʏ/ and the long ü /yː/. Listen to the following examples:

[Update] ö — Wiktionnaire | ö – Australia.xemloibaihat

 : ӧ

Caractère

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Minuscule
Majuscule

ö
Ö

ö

  1. Lettre minuscule latine o tréma ou umlaut. Unicode : U+00F6.

Voir aussi

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  • ö

    sur l’encyclopédie Wikipédia

Références

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  • Unicode, Inc., , The Unicode Standard, version 12.1, 2019

Lettre

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ö

  1. O tréma.

Voir aussi

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Étymologie

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L’ historiquement utilisait une forme proche du signe de diérèse quand la langue allemande s’écrivait avec la variante brisée de l’écriture latine ; dans cette variante, la lettre latine minuscule e prenait l’aspect de deux petits carrés obliques liés par une fine barre (pas toujours visible), et était utilisée comme signe diacritique au-dessus de la lettre latine (‹ a ›, ‹ o ›, ou ‹ u ›) qu’elle modifiait (alors que cette lettre ‹ e › ne se prononçait plus elle même (en allongeant la voyelle précédente)).
Quand la variante brisée de l’écriture latine a été abandonnée (après la Seconde Guerre mondiale), la lettre ‹ e › suscrite a gardé une forme proche en prenant la même forme que le signe de diérèse utilisée dans l’écriture latine classique.
Dans l’écriture en lettres capitales pourtant, elle était restée écrite comme un ‹ E › majuscule après la lettre. Cette tradition est restée et explique encore qu’aujourd’hui l’actuel est parfois écrit avec un ‹ e › après la voyelle, et pourquoi les germanophones distinguent clairement l’ du signe de diérèse (appelé tréma en français).

Lettre

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ö \ø\

  1. Lettre avec un umlaut, utilisée pour transcrire le son

    \ø\

    .

Variantes orthographiques

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Voir aussi

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→ voir , et

Lettre

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Minuscule

Majuscule

ö


Ö

ö \\

  1. Trente-sixième lettre de l’alphabet dalécarlien.

Étymologie

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Adapté de l’alphabet allemand pour représenter le phonème

\ø\

.

Lettre

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ö \øː\

  1. Vingt-huitième lettre et huitième voyelle de l’alphabet. Représente principalement le phonème

    \ø\

    .

Prononciation

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  • Dans beaucoup de parlers la prononciation est plus ouverte dans les diphtongues ouvertes comme dans .
  • (Région à préciser) : écouter « ö

    [ø]

     »

Étymologie

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. Si vous la connaissez, vous pouvez l’ajouter .

Nom commun

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ö \ʔɤ\

Lettre

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ö \øː\

  1. Vingt-neuvième lettre et neuvième voyelle de l’alphabet. Représente principalement le phonème

    \ø\

    .

Étymologie

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. Si vous la connaissez, vous pouvez l’ajouter .

Nom commun

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Commun

Indéfini

Défini

Singulier

ö
ön

Pluriel

öar
öarna

ö \\

  1. (

    ) Île.

Dérivés

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  • halvö (« presqu’île, péninsule »)
  • öbo
  • ögrupp (« archipel »)
  • östat (« état insulaire »)

Prononciation

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  • Suède : écouter « ö

    []

     »

Attention : la clé de tri par défaut « o » écrase la précédente clé « z⿕⿕⿕ ».


l ö n g


meme
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Kettler CAT backhoe – Jakes birthday present


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Kettler CAT backhoe - Jakes birthday present

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